Time-based One-time Password (TOTP) via Email All these steps create a burdensome user experience and can lead to increased churn rates. Users don’t authenticate in-band - meaning they have to switch devices, wait for the code to be sent, and manually input the code in the login session. Ease of use and speed of authentication with SMS TOTP drastically fall behind compared to other authentication methods. The method, while very popular, is also one of the least secure as more and more reports have shown how easily SMS OTPs can be hacked or compromised. Just SMS service will be enough to receive the TOTP code and validate an identity or transaction. Users often don’t need any smart device to gain access to their apps or accounts. TOTP sent via SMS is a very straightforward authentication method and one of the most popular. Types of TOTP authentication Time-based One-time Password (TOTP) via SMS Still, both are considered secure, while their vulnerability often appears to be the medium through which they are transmitted to the user. TOTP refers to a time-sensitive code, while HMAC refers to the counter that is incremented every time an OTP is produced. The difference between TOTP and HMAC-based OTP lies in the generating algorithm. TOTPs are often confused with event-based OTP, known as HMAC-based One-time Password (HOTP). Also, OATH (Initiative for Open Authentication), an industry-wide collaboration to promote strong authentication, has standardized TOTP authentication solutions to be used on various websites and applications. Today, more than 65% of users worldwide authenticate using 2FA methods in conjunction with TOTP codes. Once the patent expired, TOTP gained momentum and was adopted on a large scale as 2FA became more popular. TOTP was first introduced by RSA Security and was exclusively sold under patent. In most cases, users authenticate by entering their username and password in the login frame followed by a TOTP code transmitted via the various channels mentioned above. The expiration time can differ, but TOTPs are typically valid for only 15 minutes.Īuthentication with TOTPs comes in different forms, and the codes are usually part of a 2FA or 2-step verification setup. TOTP codes are generated through various algorithms that create one-time passcodes using a secret shared with the authentication server and the current time – thus the name time-based OTP. The passcode is used for authenticating users and transmitted via SMS, Email, or as a hardware token. TOTP stands for Time-based One-Time Password and is a time-sensitive passcode used only once for authenticating a particular user.
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